The perception of muay boran as the ancestral form of Thailand Martial Arts muay Thai is widespread yet flawed. This view overlooks two critical points: firstly, the "modern" muay Thai is older than several martial arts considered traditional, like taekwondo and shotokan karate. Secondly, muay boran, as a singular martial art, doesn't actually exist.
Muay boran is more accurately described as a collective term, similar to kung fu, encompassing a variety of boxing styles across Thailand and, by extension, Southeast Asia. It's not a singular style but a compilation of traditional techniques from different regions. This generalisation leads to misconceptions about its authenticity and lineage, akin to the ambiguity surrounding someone who practices "kung fu" without specifying the style.
Attending a muay boran class often means learning a mix of traditional techniques influenced more by contemporary muay Thai than any singular traditional form. This blend may not offer the cultural and historical immersion some seek. Furthermore, while muay Thai's emphasis on full-contact sparring makes it superior for self-defense, it overshadows the traditional nuances that muay boran styles could offer.
In the modern landscape, certain muay boran styles, such as muay chaiya and muay khorat, continue to exist, though their prevalence varies. Muay chaiya, dating back to 1769, remains taught by lineage holders like Kru Lek, emphasizing quick, targeted strikes. Muay khorat, known for its punches, and its military derivative lertrit, face challenges in preservation and continuation, with masters like Gen. Tunwakom and figures like Marco De Cesaris adapting these arts in their teachings.
These traditional styles include sparring in their training, ensuring they remain practical and not merely "technique museums." However, they struggle for relevance against the more accessible and practical muay Thai, compounded by scant historical documentation. This lack of recorded history facilitates misinformation and exploitation by those claiming false lineage or teaching recreated forms.
As muay boran styles gain popularity, there's a risk of diluting genuine respect and understanding for these historical martial arts. Despite these challenges, the hope remains that the richness of styles like muay chaiya and lertrit will not fade, preserving a vital link to Thailand's martial heritage.