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Put on a Sammo Hung fight today and something clicks almost immediately. The movement feels grounded. The timing feels honest. And even decades later, nothing looks like it’s trying too hard to impress you. Sammo Hung didn’t build his action around trends or tricks. He built it around how bodies actually move—and how fights actually unfold. You can see it clearly in Warriors Two . The choreography doesn’t rush. Stances settle with strikes landing. Entries are earned. Techniques don’t vanish into fast cuts—they play out long enough for you to understand why they worked. It’s the kind of clarity that feels familiar to anyone who’s spent time drilling fundamentals instead of chasing flash. Then there’s weight. Real weight. In The Pedicab Driver , bodies hit the ground with consequence. Throws look exhausting. Falls change the pace of the fight. No one bounces back instantly, because Hung's fights understood something many action films forget: damage accumulates. Fatigue matters. That respect for gravity is what keeps these scenes from aging. Nothing floats. Nothing resets magically. Every movement costs something. Hung also knew that speed isn’t what wins exchanges—timing is. In Enter the Fat Dragon , his character isn’t overwhelming opponents with endless combinations. He’s beating them to moments. Stepping into openings. Letting attacks miss by inches, then answering decisively. It feels closer to sparring than spectacle, which is exactly why it still reads as real. Even when comedy enters the picture, the skill never disappears. Wheels on Meals is often remembered for its humor, but the fights land because the movement underneath is airtight. The jokes don’t replace technique—they ride on top of it. Hung could make you laugh without ever asking you to suspend disbelief. Underneath all of it is a deep traditional foundation, filtered through experience. Peking Opera training, classical kung fu, hard conditioning—then stripped down and adapted for chaos. Forms become fragments. Structure stays, ornamentation goes. What’s left is movement that holds up under pressure. That’s why Sammo Hung’s fights still work. Not because they’re flashy, or clever, or iconic—though they’re all of those things—but because they’re a showcase of actual skill. And no matter how much action cinema changes, that doesn't age out.

Editor's Note: Did you miss the Spring 2025 issue of Black Belt ? Here's a look at one of the cover stories that ran in the special issue. Even better, you can check out the WHOLE issue with Black Belt Plus ! With this story, we honor not just a martial artist or movie star, but a man whose life touched the hearts of generations. Richard Norton was a legend, one whose journey we were all fortunate enough to witness. Long before Russell Crowe or Hugh Jackman ever dreamed of Hollywood, Richard was carving a path from Croydon, Australia, with nothing more than determination, humility, and an unwavering love for the martial arts. This isn’t just a tribute; It’s a celebration of a life lived with quiet strength, fierce discipline, and a spirit that never stopped giving. It’s a journey that crosses continents, disciplines, film sets, and friendships—and ultimately results in a lasting legacy. We don’t begin this story with an ending, but with a reflection on a man whose impact stretched far beyond the screen or the ring. Richard was a mentor, a friend, a husband—and a beacon of what it means to live with honor. In a final act of grace, Richard stepped aside from his own Black Belt Hall of Fame induction in 2024 so that he could present to the Machado family instead. That was Richard: always lifting others up, even at his own expense. As you read this, I invite you to remember not just the fights, the films, or the accolades—but the man himself. Because Richard Norton was more than the sum of his accomplishments. Norton in his last feature, Black Creek From Croydon to the Dojo Born in Croydon, Richard began his martial arts journey with judo and Goju karate under the guidance of the revered Tino Ceberano—a direct student of Gogen Yamaguchi, one of the founding figures of modern karate. This marked the beginning of Richard's lifelong commitment to martial arts, something he would later describe simply as: “Everything good that's happened in my life has been through martial arts.” - Richard Norton Norton with instructors Tino Ceberano and Bob Jones A New Path: Zen Do Kai Richard found mentorship in Bob Jones, and their journey began in 1965 at Tino Cebrano’s dojo, where a 15-year-old “skinny beanstork” Richard trained alongside 25-year-old Bob. Inspired by Bob’s dedication and work in security, Richard eventually joined him on the doors. As Bob branched out to develop a martial art tailored for Australians, Richard followed loyally, diving deep into the craft—studying from books, falling in love with the Sai, Sword, and Bo. In 1970, Soke Bob Jones invited a young Richard Norton to help co-create Zen Do Kai—a groundbreaking martial art blending traditional Goju with real-world application, designed for bouncers and security professionals. As Chief Instructor and Bob’s right-hand man, Richard helped shape Australia’s first eclectic martial arts system, grounded in both tradition and street-smart realism. By 1972, Richard had earned his 2nd Degree black belt. As Zen Do Kai exploded across Australia, their reputation soared after serving as bodyguards on the Rolling Stones' tour, launching high-profile security work for stars like ABBA, Bowie, and Joe Cocker. In time, Bob brought Chuck Norris to Australia—who recognized Richard’s screen presence and urged him to reach out if ever in the U.S. The Early Years with Bob Jones circa 1975 Bodyguard to Rock Royalty Norton’s martial discipline opened unexpected doors. He found himself working backstage during the Rolling Stones’ Australian tour , training with Mick Jagger at 4 AM after concerts. It was his first taste of global celebrity—but far from the last. Soon, his clientele glittered with music royalty: ABBA, Fleetwood Mac, David Bowie, James Taylor —and most impactfully, Linda Ronstadt , who brought him to California as her personal bodyguard. Norton with members of Fleetwood Mac, 1977 (courtesy of Richard Norton) From Muscle to Movies California opened a new chapter. Norton reunited with Chuck Norris , and the two became instant friends and collaborators. Norris cast Norton as Kyo in The Octagon  (1980)—his first Hollywood role, and the beginning of a lifelong bond. In a 1994 interview, Richard reflected:  “Chuck is the greatest. When we met in Australia, we hit it off immediately. The thing everyone finds with Chuck is he’s so approachable, so open, and so ego-less.” Chuck later said:  “Richard, you made me not only a better martial artist but a better person… Your legacy will live on for generations to come.” Norris and Norton in the Octagon  Norton’s transition from stunt performer and security expert to action star began with a breakout role in Force: Five (1981), directed by Enter the Dragon’s Robert Clouse. Cast alongside martial arts legends Joe Lewis and Benny "The Jet" Urquidez, Norton stood out with his screen presence and authentic combat skills. His real-life experience in high-stakes security and martial arts gave his performance a grounded intensity that set him apart from other up-and-coming action stars of the time. The film was a pivotal moment, showcasing that Norton wasn’t just stunt talent—he had the charisma, discipline, and presence of a leading man. From that point on, Norton steadily built a name for himself in the world of action cinema. Throughout the 1980s and ‘90s, he headlined a string of martial arts and action films, often playing both heroes and memorable villains. More than just physical ability, Norton brought a quiet authority and professionalism to his roles that made him a favorite among directors and co-stars alike.  He was a profound warrior, a beautiful soul, and will be deeply missed….Benny the Jet Urquidez Norton and Benny Urquidez during a final visit in Woodland Hills. Photo courtesy of Team Karate Centers Woodland Hills A Life of Learning Fame never dulled Norton’s hunger to learn. He trained in Brazilian jiu-jitsu  under the Machado brothers , Ukidokan  with Benny “The Jet” Urquidez , kickboxing  with Pete Cunningham , and weapons arts under Tadashi Yamashita , Fumio Demura , and Bill "Superfoot" Wallace . “Many of the friends I’ve made through training have turned out to be some of the most influential people in my life,” Norton once said. “They’re just like family.” In fact, it was Norton who introduced the Machado brothers to Chuck Norris—a meeting that helped bring Brazilian jiu-jitsu to the U.S. mainstream. Norton with the Machado brothers  “He was the man who introduced our family to Chuck Norris and that was a game changer. From that moment we remained friends, true martial artist.” - Rigan Machado  Hong Kong Stardom While Hollywood gave Richard Norton his start, it was Hong Kong that transformed him into a martial arts cinema icon. Directors like Sammo Hung and Jackie Chan quickly recognized Norton’s unique screen presence—he had the poise, power, and precision that made him the ultimate on-screen villain. In Twinkle Twinkle Lucky Stars  (1985), Norton brought a sharp intensity to his role, and in Millionaires’ Express  (1986), he cemented his status as a fan-favorite baddie, blending physical dominance with a touch of swagger that made audiences love to hate him. His collaborations with Hong Kong’s action elite continued through the late '80s and '90s. Norton appeared in Eastern Condors  (1987), showcasing his agility and tactical finesse in Sammo Hung’s gritty war-time action epic. In City Hunter  (1993), he faced off against Jackie Chan in a hilariously stylized Street Fighter parody that highlighted both actors' agility and comic timing. Jackie famously referred to Richard as “the maestro of martial arts movies,” while Richard affectionately called Jackie “a genius and a gentleman.” One of Norton’s most memorable roles came in Mr. Nice Guy  (1997), where he played an eccentric and unpredictable gangster—encouraged by Hung to push the limits of the character’s madness. These films didn’t just expand Norton’s international fame; they solidified him as a vital bridge between East and West in the golden era of martial arts cinema. “Richard could do it all, comedy, drama but his fighting was something he could do like no other. He was fast and his timing was perfect, that rhythm means everything. We will miss him.” - Jackie Chan  The Leading Man Richard Norton’s evolution from on-screen villain to leading man wasn’t a sudden pivot—it was a natural progression born of presence, skill, and depth. Even in modest productions like Not Another Mistake (1988) and Sword of Bushido (1989), Norton refused to coast on martial arts alone. He brought emotional complexity to roles that could’ve easily been one-note. His characters didn’t just fight—they wrestled with loyalty, honor, and inner demons. That authenticity, paired with his athleticism, elevated every project he touched. This era marked a pivotal shift: Norton was no longer just the imposing opponent or sidekick—he was the main attraction. Producers noticed his growing fan base and the credibility he brought to action roles, especially in a time when physical realism and screen charisma were everything. Films like Equalizer 2000 (1987), directed by cult favorite Cirio H. Santiago and shot in the Philippines, captured Norton in full command—leading ragtag resistance fighters through post-apocalyptic chaos with a quiet intensity. These roles cemented his reputation as more than just a fighter; he was a thinking man’s action hero, capable of holding the screen with presence and purpose. As the late '80s rolled into the '90s, Norton’s ascent as a leading man became unstoppable. He brought gravitas to the genre during a time when sincerity in action films was rare, proving that heart, not just muscle, makes a true star. Equalizer 2000  (1987) shot in the Philippines by legendary director Cirio Santiago The On-Screen Partnership of Legends If Jackie Chan was Richard Norton's Hong Kong brother, then Cynthia Rothrock was undoubtedly his cinematic soulmate. Together, they formed one of the most iconic duos in martial arts film history. Their on-screen chemistry was undeniable—rooted in mutual respect, impeccable timing, and a shared love for precision and power. Films like China O’Brien  (1990), Rage and Honor  (1992), and Lady Dragon  (1990) weren’t just action-packed—they were showcases of trust and synchronicity. Norton and Rothrock matched each other beat for beat, kick for kick, delivering complex fight scenes with the fluidity and grace of a dance. Dubbed the “Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers of martial arts movies,” Norton and Rothrock didn’t just perform action—they elevated it. Their characters often fought side by side or squared off against each other, blurring traditional gender roles and setting a new standard for what on-screen fight partnerships could look like.  Beyond the punches and spin kicks was a palpable bond that made their collaborations feel authentic and dynamic. Off-screen, they developed a deep friendship that further enriched their work. Together, they helped shape the landscape of '90s martial arts cinema, inspiring a generation of fans and proving that true screen magic comes from connection, not just choreography. Rothrock and Norton in 2024 at the Black Belt Hall of Fame   “Richard and I captured magic on screen from day one. From Millionaires’ Express in 1986 to Black Creek in 2024, our friendship lasted over 40 years.” - Cynthia Rothrock  Rothrock and Norton first on-screen appearance together  Behind the Camera As his career evolved, Richard Norton made a seamless and respected transition from in-front-of-camera action star to behind-the-scenes powerhouse. Drawing from decades of hands-on martial arts experience and cinematic combat, Norton became a sought-after fight choreographer and action coordinator. His work on films like New Adventures of Robin Hood, Dream Warriors and Amazons and Gladiators  showed that he wasn’t just performing the action—he was designing it. His sequences were marked by clarity, realism, and impact. More than just choreography, Norton brought a teacher’s heart to his work. He trained and mentored a new generation of Hollywood stars, including Ben Affleck, Margot Robbie, Scarlett Johansson, and Liam Neeson—preparing them for roles that demanded authenticity and intensity. Whether shaping a gritty brawl or refining a complex weapon sequence, Norton’s input made scenes more believable, more visceral, and more emotionally grounded. His approach was always character-first, ensuring that action served the story—not the other way around. In doing so, he quietly influenced the tone and quality of modern action cinema, proving that his artistry extended well beyond his own performances.  Richard Norton training with Scarlett Johansson. Photo courtesy of Richard Norton The Final Film Black Creek  marked a powerful full-circle moment in Richard Norton’s storied career. Reuniting with longtime friend and collaborator Cynthia Rothrock, the film served as his final starring role—a fitting farewell that honored both his legacy and the enduring bond between two of martial arts cinema’s most beloved figures. Set against a gritty Western backdrop, Black Creek  blended old-school action with emotional depth, giving Richard a role that showcased not only his still-formidable physical presence but also his gravitas as a seasoned actor. As two warriors confronting their pasts and battling for justice, Norton and Rothrock brought a maturity and authenticity to the screen that only decades of shared experience could deliver. For fans, Black Creek  was more than just a film—it was a tribute. A celebration of two legends who helped shape an entire genre, coming together one last time to remind the world what made them so magnetic in the first place.  On the set of Black Creek, Norton's final starring role, along with Cynthia Rothrock, Keith Cooke, Don “The Dragon” Wilson and R. Marcus Taylor An Unselfish Final Act In 2024, Richard was selected to present to the   Machado family  for their induction into the Black Belt Hall of Fame. He was also on the shortlist for induction himself. Tragically, Richard passed before he could receive the honor himself. But no award could ever encapsulate the life he lived—or the hearts he touched. “I met Richard in 1987, and from day one, he was a class act. Over the next 38 years, he remained humble, genuine, and always made time for his friends. He never stopped giving back to the martial arts community, especially through teaching. In 2024, Richard was being considered for induction into the Hall of Fame the same year as Machado brothers, who he introduced to Chuck Norris and the world.  When given the choice to either accept the honor himself or present the award to the Machados, he graciously stepped aside, saying, ‘This moment belongs to them.’ That was classic Richard—always putting others first.” - George Chung  James Lew, George Chung, Richard Norton, Simon Rhee, Phillip Rhee, and Fariborz Azhakh during Norton's last visit to the USA. Photo courtesy of Team Karate Centers Woodland Hills The Final Days In his final days, Richard spent hours in thoughtful interviews with producer and publisher Graham Slater and martial arts legend Mike Stone, sharing insights into the spiritual dimensions of martial arts—offering wisdom not just about fighting, but about life. He was impossible to define in simple terms: complex, multi-dimensional, and deeply respected in every arena he entered. What stood out most was his attention to detail, his relentless pursuit of excellence, and his uncanny ability to make everyone feel seen and valued. He wore many titles—actor, choreographer, teacher, friend—but carried them all with grace. We miss you, Richard. Thank you for everything. —Graham Slater, Australia The final interview with Richard Norton in Australia, Graham Slater and Mike Stone More Than a Master Richard Norton was more than a master of martial arts—he was an artist, a mentor, and above all, a kind and gracious human being. At the heart of his life stood his unwavering partnership with his beloved wife, Judy. Their bond was one of quiet strength and enduring love, built not just on shared experiences, but on mutual respect and support. Judy was his anchor through the highs and lows of a remarkable life, accompanying him around the world, from red carpets to remote training grounds, always by his side—not just as a partner, but as his greatest ally and friend. Richard didn’t live for the spotlight. He lived with intention, humility, and purpose. Whether he was choreographing a complex fight scene, offering a word of encouragement to a student, or simply sharing a quiet moment with Judy, he gave his full attention. His presence was calm but commanding, always grounded in sincerity. Together, he and Judy created a life rich in love, laughter, and legacy—one that inspired those around them to seek not only success, but balance, connection, and authenticity. In everything he did, Richard brought heart. And in Judy, he found his home. His proudest role wasn’t on screen, but in life—as a devoted husband to Judy, his true off-screen love story. Life Well Lived Respected and Loved by All In the end, Richard Norton’s life was not only defined by the power of his punches, the precision of his kicks, or the depth of his filmography—it was defined by the lives he touched, the people he lifted, and the respect he earned around the world. From the dojos of Australia to the soundstages of Hollywood and the action sets of Hong Kong, Richard left behind more than a body of work—he left a legacy of excellence, humility, and heart. And perhaps no words capture that better than those from his dear friend and longtime brother-in-arms, Chuck Norris:   “I long for more time together… but I take comfort in the fact that we will meet again. Rest well, Richard. Your fists made history—but your heart made you immortal.”  – Chuck Norris Richard Norton was a warrior, a teacher, a pioneer, and a gentleman.   Though we say goodbye to his physical presence, his spirit lives on in every life he touched—and every story still to be told. Norris and Norton, a friendship for life

Editor's Note: Did you miss the Spring 2025 issue of Black Belt ? Here's a glimpse at one of the stories that ran in the special issue. Even better, you can check out the WHOLE issue with Black Belt Plus ! On the top of the proverbial mountain sits the master. As one reaches the heights of their fighting career, they find that the highest levels aren’t just about skill–it’s about grit, discipline, and an unshakable mindset. These qualities are exactly what have guided Anvar Boynazarov’s path from the training grounds of Tiger Muay Thai in Thailand to the bright lights of international competition. Boynazarov’s journey started in Uzbekistan, where martial arts weren’t just a sport but a way of life. From the moment he stepped onto the mats, he was hooked, drawn to the precision, power, and artistry of combat sports. Over the years, that passion has only grown bigger, brighter, and more magnetic – drawing in coaches and mentors who would further help refine his abilities. Talent alone doesn’t create champions. He sharpened his mindset and skills under some of the best coaches in the game, including Arnold Chon—the Hollywood stunt mastermind who has trained world champions and crafted action sequences for some of the biggest blockbusters. With Chon in his corner, he evolved into a fighter who blends the raw power of Muay Thai with the fluid movement of modern kickboxing. Every strike is calculated, every fight a step toward something greater. Now, competing on some of the biggest stages in combat sports, he’s proving he belongs among the elite. We sat down with him to talk about his rise to world-class competitor, the battles—both inside and outside the ring—that shaped him, and what’s next as he continues to chase greatness. Early Life & Beginnings Can you tell us about your early life in Uzbekistan? What first inspired you to get into combat sports? Growing up in Uzbekistan, I was immersed in a culture rich with martial traditions. From a young age, I was captivated by the discipline and artistry of combat sports, which inspired me to pursue a career in this field. What was your first experience with Muay Thai and kickboxing like? Did you have any mentors who influenced your journey? My initial encounter with Muay Thai and kickboxing was transformative. Training at renowned gyms like Tiger Muay Thai in Phuket, Thailand, I had the privilege of learning from esteemed trainers who honed my skills and guided my development. Were there any challenges or obstacles you faced in your early training days? How did you overcome them? Embarking on this journey, I faced numerous challenges, including adapting to rigorous training regimens and overcoming cultural barriers. Through unwavering determination and the support of my mentors, I persevered and transformed these obstacles into opportunities for growth. Rise to Champion Status What was the defining moment when you realized you could compete at an elite level? A pivotal moment was my victory at the Lumpinee Stadium in Bangkok, a revered venue in the world of Muay Thai. Defeating a formidable opponent there solidified my belief in my ability to compete among the elite. You’ve fought and defeated some of the best in the world—what was your most memorable victory and why? One of my most memorable victories was winning the EM Legend 65kg 4-man tournament. Securing two impressive wins in a single night showcased my endurance and skill, marking a significant milestone in my career. How would you describe your fighting style? Have you evolved your approach over the years? My fighting style is a dynamic blend of traditional Muay Thai techniques and modern kickboxing elements. Over the years, I’ve continually refined my approach, integrating new strategies and adapting to the evolving landscape of combat sports. Competing in promotions like Glory and Legacy Fighting Alliance requires a high level of discipline. What does a typical training camp look like for you? Preparation for such high-caliber promotions involves intensive training camps. A typical camp includes rigorous strength and conditioning sessions, technical drills, sparring, and strategic planning, all tailored to ensure peak performance on fight night. Mindset & Philosophy How do you mentally prepare for a fight? Do you have any rituals or routines before stepping into the ring? Mental preparation is crucial. I engage in visualization techniques, meditate to maintain focus, and adhere to pre-fight rituals that center my mind and align my energy before entering the ring. Combat sports require resilience—how do you handle setbacks or losses, and what motivates you to keep pushing forward? Setbacks are part of the journey. I view them as learning experiences, analyzing each to identify areas for improvement. My passion for the sport and the desire to honor those who support me fuel my determination to persevere. What is the most valuable lesson you’ve learned through fighting, both in and out of the ring? The most profound lesson is the importance of discipline and humility. These principles not only define success in the ring but also guide personal growth and interactions beyond it. Future Aspirations & Legacy You’ve already built an impressive career—what’s next for you? Do you have any specific goals or championships you’re chasing? Looking ahead, I aim to secure a championship title in a premier global promotion, further establishing my legacy in the sport. Are there any fighters you’d love to compete against in the future? I welcome the opportunity to test my skills against top-tier athletes across various organizations, as each bout offers a chance to elevate my craft and entertain fans worldwide. Beyond fighting, do you have any plans to coach, open a gym, or contribute to the sport in other ways? Beyond my competitive career, I aspire to mentor the next generation of fighters, potentially establishing a training facility that fosters talent and promotes the values integral to martial arts. How do you want to be remembered in the world of combat sports? I hope to be remembered as a dedicated and resilient athlete who not only achieved personal success but also inspired others and contributed positively to the growth and integrity of combat sports. ARNOLD CHON – HOLLYWOOD’S FIGHT MASTER Arnold Chon isn’t just Anvar’s trainer—he’s the force behind some of the most intense fight sequences in Hollywood. As a veteran stunt coordinator, performer, and martial arts expert, Chon has worked with elite fighters and A-list actors alike. Whether on-screen or helping those in the ring, Arnold Chon is a true master of the fight game. Martial Arts Mastery – With roots in the Jhoon Rhee Institute, Chon dominated the tournament scene, becoming a NASKA champion and Junior Olympic taekwondo gold medalist. Stunt & Fight Choreography  – Chon has designed and performed action sequences for blockbuster films and hit TV shows, such as Pirate of the Caribbean, the Rush Hour franchise, and multiple Marvel projects. Trainer to Champions  – Beyond Hollywood, he has sharpened the skills of world-class fighters like UFC Welterweight champion Tyrone Woodley, preparing them for their fights by helping unleash incredible speed.

The December 1974 cover featured Dean Stockwell  in one of the earliest film productions to showcase Filipino martial arts. In the action film The Pacific Connection , Stockwell—later best known for his role in the ’90s hit Quantum Leap —trained with the film’s technical advisor, Remy Presas , the founder of Modern Arnis . Learn more about this cover and the entire magazine preserved in digital format: https://www.blackbeltmag.com

Michael Warren, Carlos Bunda and Jerry Piddington Pioneer Award Class of 2022 Hall of Fame Class of 2021 Hall of Fame

Nearly 55 years to the day, in December 1970, Black Belt  magazine featured Allen Steen, the Father of Blood-and-Guts Karate. Allen Steen passed on December 30, 2025, at the age of 85. He lived a life defined by passion, honor, and respect. Those who knew him remember not only a master of martial arts, but a giant of a man whose presence, leadership, and legacy will never be forgotten. Learn more about this cover and the entire magazine preserved in digital format: https://www.blackbeltmag.com

Allen Steen, the Tae Kwon Do Master who pioneered modern karate in America, passed on Dec 30, 2025 at the age of 85. He was a giant among men, loved by many, respected by all. From the pages of the 1970s Black Bet Magazine Tae Kwon Do Master Allen R. Steen was a pioneering American martial artist, visionary teacher, and trailblazing promoter whose influence helped shape the foundation of modern martial arts in the United States. Widely regarded as one of the most influential martial artists of his era, Steen’s legacy endures through his students, his innovations, and the uncompromising spirit he brought to American karate and taekwondo. Steen began his martial arts journey in 1959 under the instruction of Jhoon Rhee, the man revered as the “Father of American Taekwondo.” At a time when Asian martial arts were virtually unknown in mainstream America, Steen embraced the discipline with uncommon dedication. In 1962, he earned his black belt, becoming the first American student of Jhoon Rhee to achieve black belt standing. Of the original 184 students who enrolled under Rhee in 1959, Steen was one of only six to reach that level an achievement that underscored both his talent and perseverance. Our heartfelt condolences go out to the family and many Martial Arts friends of Grand Master Allen Steen. As the original Karate Pioneer in Texas under Grand Master Jhoon Rhee, GM Steen's legacy will continue to inspire and empower the countless students, Champions, and karate friends he made over the many years. His impact will be remembered for generations to come. RIP. —Jeff Smith (World Kickboxing Champion, Black Belt Hall of Fame) Recognized as a pioneer of American karate and taekwondo, Allen Steen is often celebrated as the “Father of Tae Kwon Do in Texas.” During the 1960s, he played a central role in spreading martial arts throughout the state, establishing schools and cultivating a culture of discipline, respect, and toughness that would define Texas martial arts for generations. Known for his demanding standards, Steen earned the reputation as the “Father of Blood-N-Guts Karate.” This moniker reflected the intense, no-nonsense style of training that flourished in Texas during the 1960s. His methods emphasized toughness, discipline, and mental resilience—principles inspired by the rigorous training regimens of his own master, Jhoon Rhee. While strict, Steen’s approach forged deeply loyal students and produced exceptional martial artists. Steen was also far ahead of his time as a businessman. Long before martial arts schools became widely commercialized, he successfully built and operated large-scale karate programs, proving that martial arts could thrive as both a discipline and a profession. As early as 1970, Black Belt  magazine recognized Steen as a pioneer of “big business karate,” highlighting his innovative approach to school management, instructor development, and student outreach. His success helped legitimize martial arts as a viable career path in the United States. In the 70s he continued to be a force and a spokesperson for the direction of sport Karate. Allen blessed us in countless ways—as an inspirational competitor, a brilliant communicator and teacher, and a highly successful business entrepreneur. He was a fighter in the truest sense of the word: on the mat, in leadership, and in principle. He earned respect the hard way—through unwavering commitment during the most demanding era of American sport karate. His legacy deserves to be remembered with the same strength, integrity, and dignity with which he lived his life. — Mike Stone (International Karate Champion and Black Belt Hall of Fame) Seen here with a legendary crew that includes Pat Burleson, Mike Stone, Jhoon Rhee, Ed Parker, Kang Rhee, Allen Steen Under his instruction, Allen Steen developed some of the most successful karate competitors and instructors of the era. Even before digital media, he introduced the idea of video for practice and mastery, as seen in this 1970 story over 55 years ago, Steen was way ahead of his time. His students carried his teachings across the country, extending his influence far beyond Texas and ensuring that his philosophy lived on through multiple generations. In recognition of his lasting contributions, Steen was inducted into the American Karate Black Belt Association Hall of Fame and later honored with induction into the Taekwondo Hall of Fame in 2007. In 2015, MA Success, a sister publication of Black Belt , featured him on the cover. On the cover of MA Success celebrating 50 years of excellence Allen R. Steen leaves behind an enduring legacy as a martial artist, teacher, entrepreneur, and pioneer. His impact on American martial arts is immeasurable, and his name remains synonymous with toughness, integrity, and the uncompromising pursuit of excellence. When Giants walked the land. Allen Steen Vs. Joe Lewis, Ed Parker referee, circa mid 1960's

What Every Modern Martial Artist Needs to Know About the Ancient Indian Fighting System WHAT IT IS Kalari Payattu is one of the oldest fighting arts in the world. The name comes from two words: kalari , which means “gymnasium,” and payattu , which means “exercise” in Malayalam, the language of the Kerala state in India. It’s believed that karate and kung fu took inspiration from Kalari Payattu (also spelled kalaripayit ) in their formative years. WHEN IT WAS CREATED The origin of the kalari — and hence the fighting style — can be traced back to the 12th century, when a breakdown of the Kerala state occurred. That led to the emergence of small kingdoms, many of which were unable to pay for their own armies. In response, chieftains would maintain kalari in a bid to keep their citizens ready to wage war. Good physical training and discipline were cultivated in case of attack. BECOMING A MARTIAL ART Kalari Payattu evolved into a system that was eventually taught to people from all castes and religions, which resulted in Hindus, Muslims, and Christians practicing alongside one another. It grew to include techniques for fending off attacks by both armed and unarmed enemies. Kalari Payattu masters, or gurukkal , were selected for their character and discipline. Reflecting the way such traits were emphasized, obedience to one’s master was deemed crucial, and students were required to obtain their master’s permission before using weapons. MAIN VARIATIONS Kalari Payattu can be divided into northern and southern styles. The northern version focuses on body-control exercises, while the southern version emphasizes empty-hand fighting. Usage of sticks and other weapons, as well as the ways of healing, can be found in both styles. Interestingly, the healing portion of the curriculum encompasses treatment for most of the injuries one might sustain in Kalari Payattu training and fighting. AYURVEDIC CONNECTION The Western Ghats region of India is known for its therapeutic herbs, many of which are used to make medicines to treat Kalari Payattu injuries, as well as to enhance massage designed to care for bones, muscles, nerves, and vital points. When Kalari Payattu practitioners receive massages, they take full advantage of the experience to see how each muscle and nerve responds to pressure from the fingers and feet. BREATHING AND SEEING Because oxygen intake is crucial when exerting oneself in Kalari Payattu, a treatment known as nasyam  is often administered to promote clear nasal passages. It entails dripping a concoction of herbal juices and medicated oils into the nose. Because vision is also essential, a treatment called tharpanam  is used to strengthen the nerves of the eye and prevent swelling and itching. TRAINING FACILITIES Kalari are categorized according to floor size. The standard lengths are 52 feet, 42 feet, 32 feet, 18 feet, and 12 feet. The width is normally half the length. A facility’s height may vary from 12 to 30 feet. In the past, kalari structures were covered with coconut leaves, but nowadays tiles and concrete are used. One factor that hasn’t changed: the door always faces east. GATEKEEPER The Kalari Payattu master is the person entrusted with opening and locking that east-facing door. It’s a serious matter because the facility is considered sacred — much like a Hindu temple. But unlike a temple, a kalari houses no idols. INSIDE THE KALARI A poothara  is located at the southwest corner of the facility. A semicircular mound, it has seven layers that symbolize the seven mothers who take care of everyone, including fighters. Flowers are placed on it, and a lamp is lit at dawn. Before a fight, practitioners seek blessings from Bhadrakali, the goddess of war and weapons. Located next to the poothara is a guruthara , a raised platform that symbolizes the gurus and elders of the lineage. The Kalari Payattu master stands in front of the guruthara when he gives commands to his students. PRE-TRAINING RITUALS Fighters apply oil to their bodies before they begin a session. They don a katcha , a cloth that measures 15 to 18 feet long and 9 inches wide. It’s wrapped around the waist, hips, and abdomen in a manner that covers and protects the body while preserving freedom of movement. The upper body is left bare. CURRICULUM PROGRESSION Training begins with body-control exercises; they form the foundation needed to learn all other skills because they foster flexibility, agility, swiftness, and coordination. At the next stage, students practice with sticks and canes. The long stick is called the kettukari  and its shorter sibling the kuruvadi . Once they’ve been mastered, students proceed to the third level: swords, shields, knives, daggers, tridents, and spears. Truly learning any one of them is an arduous test of both body and mind. ARSENAL OF WEAPONS At that third level, the first weapon taught is the dagger, followed by the sword. Around the same time in the student’s development, the shield is introduced. Later on, he may learn the otta , an S-shaped staff with a wooden knob at one end. When used, vital points on the opponent’s body are targeted — which can be devastating if actually struck. Or the student may opt for the urumi , a 5- to 6-foot-long flexible sword designed to keep an enemy at bay. Unlike most swords, the urumi can be folded and worn as a belt. It’s also found favor with women who like to curl it in their long hair or keep it in their bag for use in an emergency. MORE TOOLS OF WAR The gada  is India’s mace. Made of a type of wood that’s heavy and resists splitting, it requires great strength to maneuver. Despite its seemingly harmless appearance, it’s a deadly weapon — as well as a great tool for building the body. “EMPTY” HANDS In Kalari Payattu, as in other arts, techniques include locks, strikes, and grappling moves. More uncommon is its use of cloth as a weapon. A simple length of fabric in an otherwise empty hand can enable a student to entangle an adversary and, once he’s restrained, bind his hands together. LOWER BODY Leg exercise is regarded as indispensable because a strong support system is needed for the body to maintain balance, stay mobile, and execute various offensive and defensive moves such as kicking and jumping. The Kalari Payattu leg regimen includes movements that keep the limbs straight, work them at a multitude of angles, and swing them through the air in a variety of directions. ANIMAL INFLUENCE The eight animal postures are prized for their ability to teach students how to swiftly turn and twist their bodies. They were incorporated into the art after masters observed the movements of the elephant, lion, horse, pig, snake, cat, rooster, and fish. These postures can activate muscles and nerves that are necessary during execution of the art — and they help keep the practitioner attuned to nature. LEAPS OF FAITH Kalari Payattu jumps recruit the whole body for maximum performance and are done in a series for maximum effect, which includes building balance and explosiveness. Not surprisingly, Kalari Payattu has been described as yoga in motion . BENEFITS OF TRAINING The Indian art does not propagate violence. Instead, it serves as a way to improve one’s self-confidence, which grows naturally from the ability to fend off an attack. It is for this reason, as well as the fitness benefit that accompanies training, that the ancient martial art of Kalari Payattu has remained relevant in modern times. Photography by Khursheed Dinshaw

Russia’s Vadim Nemkov leaves Lyon with the PFL Heavyweight World Championship over his shoulder as he submitted Brazil’s Renan Ferreira in round one. Cris Cyborg adds another title to her legacy as she wins the PFL Women’s Featherweight World Championship after submitting Sara Collins in round three. PFL Lyon saw the next generation of European MMA stars rise, alongside two new PFL Europe Champions, Aleksandr Chizov and Baris Adiguzel. PFL Lyon  has officially come to an end at the LDLC Arena after an evening of elite MMA, and four brand-new Champions leaving France with a title wrapped around their waist.  The Main Event saw Russia’s Vadim Nemkov  (20-2) close out his 2025 as the inaugural PFL Heavyweight World Champion, as he submitted the dangerous towering Brazilian, Renan “Problema” Ferreira (13-5) with an arm triangle choke in the first round. He now sits atop of the division, and will welcome all challengers in 2026. In the Co-Main Event, the legend of  Cris Cyborg  (29-2, 1 NC) continues to grow as she adds yet another World Title to her collection. The Brazilian defeated Sara Collins  (6-1) via rear naked choke in the third round to take home the PFL Women’s Featherweight World Championship, and has stated she’s after one more fight in MMA to close out a legendary career.   The hype of Belgian superstar Patrick “The Belgian Bomber” Habirora  (8-0) reached new heights in the LDLC Arena, as his perfect record remains intact after defeating his most experienced and dangerous opponent to date, Kevin “Air” Jousset  (10-5). Habirora knocked out Jousset in the first round, which caused the LDLC Arena to erupt with excitement. He remains one of the hottest prospects to come out of Europe in recent years.  Taylor “Double Impact” Lapilus  (23-4) once again showed the world why he is one of the most elite Bantamweights on the planet, as he scored a unanimous decision win over England’s Liam “Nightmare” Gittins  (13-5). The Frenchman proved once again his athleticism is world-class, and is a major contender in a stacked 135 lbs division at PFL. Aleksandr “Pretty Boy” Chizov  (13-3) wins the 2025 PFL Europe Lightweight Tournament Championship after showcasing heart, grit, and high-level skills throughout the year. At PFL Lyon , Chizov defeated Connor Hughes  (12-3) via third round KO (0:50), and leaves France with a brand new title over his shoulder. And the fourth title of the evening was taken by Baris “The Sniper” Adiguzel (10-1) as the Frenchman defeated the experienced Dean Garnett (14-4-1). Showcasing his signature aggression, Adiguzel was able to secure a first round TKO, and finishes the year with the 2025 PFL Europe Bantamweight Tournament Championship in his hands.   Full PFL Lyon Results: Vadim Nemkov defeats Renan Ferreira by 1 st round submission (arm triangle choke, 4:00)  Cris Cyborg defeats Sara Collins by 3 rd round submission (rear-naked choke, 2:55) Patrick “The Belgian Bomber” Habirora defeats Kevin Jousset by 1 st round KO (2:42)  Taylor “Double Impact” Lapilus defeats Liam Gittins by unanimous decision (30-27x2, 29-28) Baris “The Sniper” Adiguzel defeats Dean Garnett by 1 st round TKO (ref stoppage, 0:44) Boris “Modern Gladiator” Atangana defeats Guilherme Soares by 2 nd round submission (rear-naked choke, 2:35) Alex “Pretty Boy” Chizov defeats Connor Hughes by 3 rd round KO (0:50) Gustavo Oliveira defeats Movsar Ibragimov by 2 nd round KO (0:34)  Sabrina de Sousa defeats Paulina Wisniewska by split decision (29-28x2, 28-29) Rayan “Splinter” Balbali defeats Levi Batchelor by split decision (30-27, 29-28, 28-29)

In Yala province, 500 miles south of Bangkok, lies a village that’s renowned for preserving the ancient art of kris making. The kris (also spelled keris  or krit ) is a distinctively shaped dagger that’s both a weapon and a spiritual object with numerous myths and superstitions attached to it. The origins of the kris aren’t clear, but we do know that the modern version of the weapon has existed since the mid-14th century. It likely originated in East Java, where it was derived from an older style of blade, possibly one of Hindu origin. The kris eventually spread from Java to other parts of the Indonesian archipelago and then to the Southeast Asian regions now known as Malaysia, Brunei, the Philippines, Thailand and Singapore. Martial Arts Mecca Thailand has fostered the development of an array of arts, but unfortunately it’s only the indigenous ones that attract attention from scholars. For example, the region boasts many forms of silat — which the Thais call sila  — that grew from the martial traditions of Malaysia and Indonesia, but few foreigners have heard of them. One needs to travel all the way to the southernmost tip of Thailand to find the cradle of the kris. Yala and its neighboring provinces have long held a Muslim majority, with close to 70 percent of the population being Malay-speaking Muslims and the remainder Thai and Thai-Chinese Buddhists. In the past decade, this region has lived under a blanket of fear because of an anti-government insurgency that’s claimed the lives of more than 4,000 people of both religions. As of yet, no military official or insurgent leader has tried to prevent the people of Yala from making kris knives even though production is technically illegal. Perhaps it’s because the code of conduct adhered to by the craftsmen keeps the blades from falling into the hands of those who would use them for illicit purposes. The tradition of kris making was nearly lost for a generation when World War II saw Thailand’s military field marshal ban it outright. His goal was to impose Thai culture on the region, and his “solution” involved prohibiting residents from wearing Malay sarongs, speaking the local language and fabricating kris. The citizens of Yala were upset because they regarded the kris as part of their culture. Their love of the blade stemmed from their first exposure to it some 300 years ago when the then-governor invited a renowned Indonesian bladesmith named Toe Panaesarah to craft a special kris for his village.  In those days, it was customary for high-ranked officials to wear an ornate kris at ceremonies and functions — as a symbol of power. They would often offer a kris as a token of friendship when a dignitary would visit and when an ordinary citizen did a good deed for the community. Once that special kris was received by the governor, it grew in reputation and was eventually dubbed the Kris Panaesarah. Its maker went on to teach the locals how to fashion different styles of the weapon. What made his method stand out was his mastery of pattern welding, known as pamor .  Considered the genesis of the blade’s spirit, pattern welding entails combining various metals in layers, then applying heat to bond them and using acid to highlight the boundaries between the layers. The master’s knowledge of pattern welding and blade craftsmanship was so extensive it was recorded in The Panaesarah Book of the Kris . Thai Transformation One hundred years later, the heads of the Thai village organized a competition designed to find the finest kris in the southern provinces. Among the tests the candidates were subjected to was shattering a thick earthenware jar filled with water. Only the knives of Bun Dai Sara’s clan passed the test, earning the family the respect and admiration of the entire region. Sara’s popularity and stature in the community rose as a result, and the governor of the province selected him to craft his personal kris. The master also was tasked with training a new generation of artisans who could not only make the weapons but also wield them in combat. A modern descendant of this lineage is Teeparee Atabu. This former farmer began studying the art of the kris under Tuan Bukut Long Saree and remained with him until he died in 2004. While Atabu maintains a deep respect for tradition and follows the rules of conduct to which his ancestors adhered, he embraces a more open attitude designed to ensure this martial treasure will survive. That’s why he agreed to share with me — and, indirectly, with Black Belt  readers — the details of his art. When Atabu is about to create a kris, he first must pick the appropriate time to begin. This is because the kris and each component that goes into it are imbued with symbolism. The next step is to determine the desired blade shape, either straight or curved. The straight blade is the older design and the more common one, while the curved blade is more iconic. Mythologically speaking, the straight blade symbolizes a serpent in meditation and the wavy blade a serpent in motion, Atabu explained. The other components of the kris are the hilt and sheath. The most important hilt to originate from the Yala region is the tajong . Regarded as one of the most powerful versions, it’s often seen on warrior weapons. The tajong evolved from an early Shiva-influenced design to one that resembles a bird (said to be the kingfisher), betraying its Hindu and Majapahit influences.  The goal of the craftsman, Atabu said, is to ensure that the hilt is beautiful as well as functional — which is why the carved head must fit snugly in the palm of the hand much like the grip of a pistol. In the Bun Dai Sara lineage, the sheath of the kris is large and sturdy. That’s because the fighting system includes techniques for simultaneously using both sheath and blade in battle. The sheath has a long, rounded body and is often covered with silver or gold. It can have a sapay , a “sheath wing” crosspiece with upward-curving ends. On average, it takes a month to craft a kris, Atabu said. Two weeks are devoted to the hilt, one week to the sheath and one week to the blade. Fighting Functionality The term “kris” is believed to come from an old Javanese word that means “to stab” or “to pierce.” That etymology reveals much about the way the kris is used in combat — primarily as a close-range thrusting weapon.  The sinuous nature of the blade enables it to do maximum damage to soft tissue while permitting the user to easily remove it from an enemy’s body. The techniques for doing this are practiced with a live blade because it’s believed this teaches not only proper mechanics but also respect for the weapon. Atabu guides his students through a carefully constructed course of study that lasts two years. They begin with isolated footwork patterns and the ram kris , the dances that hold the key to unlocking the complicated patterns of movement and strategy. This enables them to assimilate not only the techniques of the kris but also the intricacies of the culture. In the past, the ram kris  was performed at important social gatherings. The display of the practitioners’ skill at dance, as well as their ability with the blade, served to entertain and attract new students. In modern times, the ram kris  is viewed mostly as a component of the martial art — although it still can be seen at special community events. That exposure helps ensure that the kris will remain an important part of life in Thailand’s Yala province, providing residents with an invaluable link to their past. The fact that the knife lineage and the art that accompanies it have taken hold in neighboring Pattani, Narathiwat and Songkhla provinces serves as reassurance to the martial arts world that this treasure won’t be lost any time soon. Photography by Vincent Giordano

We're celebrating the legacy of Joe Lewis , one of the most influential fighters of the full-contact era, with a throwback to his cover appearance on the December 1976 issue of Karate Illustrated. A former U.S. Marine, Lewis rose to prominence as a Professional Karate Association World Heavyweight Champion , helping define what modern full-contact karate would become. Known for his precision, conditioning, and no-nonsense approach to combat, he set a new standard for effectiveness in the ring. Featured on the cover of Karate Illustrated After retiring from competition, Lewis became a highly respected coach and martial arts thinker, influencing fighters like Chuck Norris  and authoring books that shaped generations of practitioners. Joe Lewis passed away in 2012, but his legacy as a champion and innovator in karate lives on. Learn more about this cover and the entire magazine preserved in digital format: https://www.blackbeltmag.com

ONE Championship (ONE), the world's largest martial arts organization, today announced its first wave of 2026 events with plans to host over 70 live shows in the new year.  The confirmed lineup features two ONE Championship numbered events, the first quarter of ONE Friday Fights shows in Asia primetime, and the complete ONE Fight Night schedule in U.S. primetime.  More events will be announced in the near future. Full fight cards and ticket information for all shows will be released closer to each event date.  Upcoming ONE Championship Numbered Events Apr 3 – ONE 174 Apr 29 – ONE 175 in Tokyo, Japan (Ariake Arena) Note: Location for ONE 174 and start times for both numbered events will be unveiled in the near future.  2026 Schedule for ONE Fight Night on Prime Video Jan 23 at 9 p.m. ET (Jan 24 at 9 a.m. ICT) – ONE Fight Night 39 in Bangkok (Lumpinee Stadium)  Feb 13 at 9 p.m. ET (Feb 14 at 9 a.m. ICT) – ONE Fight Night 40 in Bangkok (Lumpinee Stadium)  Mar 13 at 9 p.m. ET (Mar 14 at 8 a.m. ICT) – ONE Fight Night 41 in Bangkok (Lumpinee Stadium)  Apr 10 at 9 p.m. ET (Apr 11 at 8 a.m. ICT) – ONE Fight Night 42 in Bangkok (Lumpinee Stadium)  May 15 at 9 p.m. ET (May 16 at 8 a.m. ICT) – ONE Fight Night 43 in Bangkok (Lumpinee Stadium) Jun 26 – ONE: Denver in Colorado, USA (Ball Arena)*  Jul 10 at 9 p.m. ET (Jul 11 at 8 a.m. ICT) – ONE Fight Night 44 in Bangkok (Lumpinee Stadium)  Aug 7 at 9 p.m. ET (Aug 8 at 8 a.m. ICT) – ONE Fight Night 45 in Bangkok (Lumpinee Stadium)  Sep 4 at 9 p.m. ET (Sep 5 at 8 a.m. ICT) – ONE Fight Night 46 in Bangkok (Lumpinee Stadium)  Oct 2 at 9 p.m. ET (Oct 3 at 8 a.m. ICT) – ONE Fight Night 47 in Bangkok (Lumpinee Stadium)  Nov 6 at 9 p.m. ET (Nov 7 at 9 a.m. ICT) – ONE Fight Night 48 in Bangkok (Lumpinee Stadium)  Dec 11 at 9 p.m. ET (Dec 12 at 9 a.m. ICT) – ONE Fight Night 49 in Bangkok (Lumpinee Stadium)  *Start time will be announced closer to the event. 2026 First Quarter Schedule for ONE Friday Fights Jan 16 at 7:30 a.m. ET (7:30 p.m. ICT) – ONE Friday Fights 138 in Bangkok (Lumpinee Stadium)  Jan 23 at 7:30 a.m. ET (7:30 p.m. ICT) – ONE Friday Fights 139 in Bangkok (Lumpinee Stadium)  Jan 30 at 7:30 a.m. ET (7:30 p.m. ICT) – ONE Friday Fights 140 in Bangkok (Lumpinee Stadium)  Feb 6 at 7:30 a.m. ET (7:30 p.m. ICT) – ONE Friday Fights 141 in Bangkok (Lumpinee Stadium)  Feb 13 at 7:30 a.m. ET (7:30 p.m. ICT) – ONE Friday Fights 142 in Bangkok (Lumpinee Stadium)  Feb 20 at 7:30 a.m. ET (7:30 p.m. ICT) – ONE Friday Fights 143 in Bangkok (Lumpinee Stadium)  Feb 27 at 7:30 a.m. ET (7:30 p.m. ICT) – ONE Friday Fights 144 in Bangkok (Lumpinee Stadium)  Mar 6 at 7:30 a.m. ET (7:30 p.m. ICT) – ONE Friday Fights 145 in Bangkok (Lumpinee Stadium)  Mar 13 at 8:30 a.m. ET (7:30 p.m. ICT) – ONE Friday Fights 146 in Bangkok (Lumpinee Stadium)  Mar 20 at 8:30 a.m. ET (7:30 p.m. ICT) – ONE Friday Fights 147 in Bangkok (Lumpinee Stadium)  Mar 27 at 8:30 a.m. ET (7:30 p.m. ICT) – ONE Friday Fights 148 in Bangkok (Lumpinee Stadium)